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FAQ: Immunizations and Your Child

What are immunizations?
Immunizations are shots that help our bodies fight off diseases such as hepatitis, polio and measles. They also help prevent the spread of disease. Today, immunizations are considered safe. But, as with any medicine, they can have side effects. In most cases, these side effects are mild. Be sure to ask the doctor any questions you may have.

What shots do my children need?
Some shots are needed only once. For continued protection, other shots should be given more than once. Shots given more than once are called boosters.

How often should my children get the shots they need?
Children should get the recommended immunizations at the right age and on time, so talk with their doctor about what those are.

Should I keep track of the shots my children receive?
Yes! Keep a record of the shots your children get and when they got them. Bring this record with you to every doctor’s visit. Each time your children get a new shot, be sure to update the record. You will need this information for school, daycare programs and college entry.

What other types of care do my children need?
Immunizations are just one part of a checkup. Children should have a physical exam too. This includes checking their height, weight and body mass index (BMI). At ages 1 and 2, children should be tested for lead. It’s also important that the doctor talk to children about health topics that are right for their age, such as healthy eating and physical activity. For teens, the doctor should discuss tobacco, alcohol and substance use, reproductive health and injury prevention.

Also ask the doctor about having your teens complete a mental health survey from TeenScreen®, a program of the National Center for Mental Health Checkups at Columbia University. The survey takes about five minutes to fill out. The doctor will review the answers and talk with your teens about any issues that seem to be concerning them.

Everyone’s health needs are different. Talk to the doctor about other tests and exams that are right for your children.